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REVIEW ARTICLE
Year : 2021  |  Volume : 12  |  Issue : 1  |  Page : 1-8

Laboratory diagnostic phases of detection of SARS-CoV-2 by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction


1 Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Ahmadu Bello University; COVID-19 Testing Laboratory, Africa Centre of Excellence on Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology-Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, ABU, Zaria, Nigeria
2 COVID-19 Testing Laboratory, Africa Centre of Excellence on Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology-Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, ABU; Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
3 Department of Medical Microbiology, Kaduna State University; Kaduna State COVID-19 Rapid Response Team & COVID-19 Testing Center, State Molecular Laboratory, YDMH, Kaduna, Nigeria
4 COVID-19 Testing Laboratory, Africa Centre of Excellence on Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology-Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, ABU; Department of Medical Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
5 COVID-19 Testing Laboratory, Africa Centre of Excellence on Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology-Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, ABU; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
6 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Usman Danfodio University, Sokoto, Nigeria
7 Department of Medical Microbiology, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
8 COVID-19 Testing Laboratory, Africa Centre of Excellence on Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology-Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, ABU; Department of Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

Correspondence Address:
Mohammed Ibrahim Tahir
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
Nigeria
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Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None


DOI: 10.4103/atp.atp_49_20

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The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused global health concerns in the various strata of health-care authorities. The detection of the etiologic agent, SARS-CoV-2 became essential for case identification and prevention of transmission. In this review, literature was retrieved and sifted from different search engines. We highlighted some mainstream pointers vis-à -vis preanalytical, analytical, and postanalytical phases of laboratory detection of SARS-CoV-2 using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. The quantitative RT-PCR is considered as the gold standard for establishing the diagnosis of COVID-19. However, laboratories must pay attention to all the testing phases from sample collection to final release of results in order to avoid false-negative or false-positive results. It is also necessary to understand possible challenges and conduct risk assessment before the commencement of testing in the designated laboratory.


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